Publications
2024
L'EES pour le secteur minier
La CNEE et le Forum intergouvernemental sur les mines, les minéraux, les métaux et le développement durable (IGF) ont uni leurs forces pour rédiger un rapport sur l'EES pour le secteur minier. Ce rapport analyse la manière dont les évaluations environnementales (EES) peuvent améliorer la gouvernance du secteur minier et en souligne les avantages à travers plusieurs études de cas nationales.
2021
Évaluation Environnementale Stratégique pour le développement durable du secteur hydroélectrique
Cinq cas influents - Inde, Myanmar, Pakistan, Rwanda, Viet Nam
Éd. Arend Kolhoff (NCEA), R. Slootweg (SevS)
Enfin, une publication (100 pages) - étayée par 5 cas - sur la manière d'œuvrer pour un secteur hydroélectrique plus durable. En utilisant l'EES comme outil d'aide à la décision stratégique, les impacts négatifs liés à la construction et à l'exploitation de barrages hydroélectriques peuvent être atténués. Commençant tôt dans le processus à un niveau stratégique, les considérations environnementales et sociales sont intégrées dans les plans et programmes (énergétiques) tout en utilisant des informations (scientifiques), des données et la participation des parties prenantes. Cela garantit l'atténuation des impacts négatifs et simplifie également les EIES pour, par exemple, les barrages individuels.
Quatre éléments de cette publication sont disponibles en français :
• Introduction
• Résumé
• Résumé pour les Décideurs
• Résumé pour les Propriétaires de Barrages
L'intégralité de la publication est disponible sur notre site en anglais.
2020
Comment renforcer l'indépendance des examinateurs et des spécialistes en EI ?
Cet article a également été publié sous forme de lettre à l'éditeur de la revue Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal- 21-12-2020
Rob Verheem, directeur de la CNEE, a entamé une discussionsur le rôle de l'indépendance des spécialistes d'IE. Il suggère de considérer la création d'une norme professionnelle d'IAIA. Pas forcément pour être utilisée comme référence, mais pour inspirer et soutenir les examinateurs et les spécialistes d'IE afin d'obtenir la plus grande indépendance possible dans le contexte où ils travaillent. L'une des raisons pour lancer cette discussion était que les organisateurs de la conférence IAIA19 avaient indiqué que le manque d'indépendance dans la préparation de la documentation d'IE était l'une des « critiques courantes et de longue date de l'Évaluation d'impact ». Si cela est vrai, cette perception est un véritable problème pour la profession.
Publication sur l'EE et la Gestion des Paysages
Le SRJS (Ressources Partagées, Solutions Communes) est un partenariat stratégique entre l'UICN Pays-Bas, le WWF Pays-Bas et le ministère néerlandais des Affaires étrangères, qui a couvert la période 2016-2020. La CNEE a soutenu ce partenariat par ses connaissances sur l'EIES et l'EES.
Après quatre années de pratique et d'expériences sous différentes formes et dans des contextes différents, les études de cas de ce livret démontrent que l'évaluation environnementale complète l'approche paysage à de nombreux égards. Les pays dont il s'agit sont les suivants : Bénin, Burkina Faso, Indonésie, Madagascar, Mali, Philippines, Suriname, Tanzanie, Ouganda et Zambie.
2018
Approche systémique
Depuis 1993, la CNEE a contribué à renforcer les systèmes d'EIES et d'EES dans les pays à revenus faibles et intermédiaires.
La CNEE définit un système d'EIES/EES comme l'interaction entre les processus individuels d'EIES et d'EES d'une part, et la capacité des organismes ayant des responsabilités dans ces processus et la qualité d'un ensemble cohérent de 'fonctions' nécessaires à une bonne pratique d'EIES/EES d'autre part.
2014 et plus anciens
EIE en Afrique Centrale
En 2013, après 6 ans de collaboration fructueuse entre les associations centrafricaines des professionnels en Evaluation Environnementale, son organisation parapluie régionale SEEAC et la CNEE prennait fin. Pour célébrer cette étape importante, un livre développé conjointement a été publié intitulé « Evolution des systèmes d'étude d'impact sur l'environnement en Afrique centrale : Rôle des associations nationales de professionnels ». Cette publication est disponible en français et en anglais. Une copie conforme peut être commandées de SEEAC en envoyant un e-mail à seeac seeaconline.org.
Valorisation des services écosystémiques et EES
Roel Slootweg et Pieter van Beukering ont analysé des cas dans lesquels l'évaluation des services écosystémiques a considérablement influencé la prise de décision stratégique. Les liens avec l'évaluation environnementale stratégique (EES) sont mis en évidence. Ce rapport contient un document de référence avec des cas influents : "Évaluation des Services Écosystémiques et Évaluation Environnementale Stratégique : lécons tirées d'exemples influents."
Egalement disponible en anglais et espagnole.
Évaluation environnementale stratégique dans la pratique du développement. Une revue de la pratique.
Mme. Bobbi Schijf et Mme. Gwen van Boven ont contribué à deux cas (études de cas) en Montenegro et au Bénin dans une publication EES de la CAD de l'OCDE.
De nombreux pays font déjà de bons progrès dans l'application de l'EES. Cette publication présente neuf études de cas intéressantes d'EES en cours, réalisées par des pays en coopération avec des partenaires de développement. Les cas mettent en évidence que l'EES peut :
- sauvegarder les atouts environnementaux pour la réduction de la pauvreté et le développement durable ;
- susciter l'engagement du public dans la prise de décision;
- éviter des erreurs coûteuses en alertant les décideurs des options de développement potentiellement non durables à un stade précoce du processus de prise de décision ;
- accélérer la mise en œuvre des projets et programmes ;
- faciliter la coopération autour des ressources environnementales partagées et contribuer à la prévention des conflits.
En anglais
2021
Strategic Environmental Assessment for Sustainable Development of the Hydropower Sector
Five Influential Cases - India, Myanmar, Pakistan, Rwanda, Viet Nam
Ed. Arend Kolhoff (NCEA), R. Slootweg (SevS)
Finally a publication (100 pages) - substantiated with 5 cases - on how to work towards a more sustainable hydropower sector. By using SEA as a strategic decision support tool, negative impacts in relation to building and exploiting hydropower dams can be mitigated. Starting early in the process at a strategic level, environmental and social considerations - using (academic) information, data and stakeholder participation - are integrated in (energy)plans and programmes. This ensures mitigation of negative impacts but also simplifies the ESIA's for individual dams for example.
The publication includes:
- separate summaries for decision-makers and dam owners
- list of all SEA's carried out for hydropower developments
- list of SEA's carried out for multi sector plans and policies
- overview and relation between current decision support tools in addition to SEA
How SEA contributed to conflict prevention
The case of the Sourou river plain in Mali
By Fransje Molenaar (Clingendael) & Sibout Nooteboom (NCEA)
The Clingendael Institute - a Dutch think tank on geopolitical issues - and the NCEA published a policy brief on governance and the role of SEA in the Sourou area, a fragile zone in central Mali. The SEA played an important role in preventing conflict over scarce resources by strengthening local participatory governance structures. As the policy brief concludes: "The case of the Sourou river plain is an excellent example of the use of a technical governance instrument, the SEA, to instigate a process of bottom-up governance and administrative reform. It also showcases the importance of process considerations when designing local governance interventions."
2019
A Strategic Approach to Hydropower Development
Applying Hydropower by Design within the context of Strategic Environmental Assessment to achieve hydropower goals in a sustainable and equitable manner
Advocacy Paper by the NCEA & The Nature Conservation
A tailor made SEA approach is to support government authorities with strategic planning of the hydropower sector. In general, the SEA supports river basin plans or national energy plans. This specific SEA approach makes use of SEA good practice principles and a method developed by TNC known as hydropower by design which develops and compares a number of different hydropower options in a river basin.
Articles
Overcoming low EIA performance
A diagnostic tool for the deliberate development of EIA system capacities in low and middle income countries
Kolhoff, Arend J.; Driessen, Peter P.J.; Runhaar, Hens A.C.. In: Environmental Impact Assessment Review, volume 68, pp. 98 - 108
A contribution to the conceptualisation of quality in impact assessment
Alan James Bond; Francois Retief; Ben Cave; Monica Fundingsland; Peter N Duinker; Rob Verheem; A.L. Brown. In Environmental Impact Assessment Review, volume 68, pages 49-58
2017
Environmental Assessment for Climate-Smart Decision Making
Good practice cases
The NCEA gathered case examples where impact assessment has contributed to climate -smart development. This means that E(S)IA or SEA has influenced a project or plan to such an extent, that it is contributing to climate change mitigation, climate change adaptation and adaptive management or capacity.
Members of the International Association for Impact Assessment (IAIA) were asked for good practice cases. This resulted in the selection of the 12 cases assembled in a publication titled: Environmental Assessment for Climate-Smart Decision Making: Good practice cases.
The twelve cases can also be downloaded separately:
- Case 1: SEA for a land use plan in Denmark
- Case 2: ESIA for an infrastructure project in Belize
- Case 3: SEA for a hydropower plan in Vietnam
- Case 4: ESIA for port development in South Africa
- Case 5: SEA for a water plan in the Netherlands
- Case 6: EIA for a waste incinerator in Denmark
- Case 7: SEA for an energy land use plan in Germany
- Case 8: SEA for touristic and urban planning in Mexico
- Case 9: SEA for land use planning in Kenya
- Case 10: ESIA for a housing project in England
- Case 11: ESIA for infrastructure design in the Philippines
- Case 12: SEA and ESIA for a spatial plan in the Netherlands
Article
Supporting Governance of Economic Development
The PAANEEAC Experience in Central Africa
Geske Dijkstra, Dieudonné Bitondo, Sibout Nooteboom, Reinoud Post, Gwen van Boven. In: Journal of Developing Societies, Volume: 33 issue: 1, page(s): 51-74
2016
EIA accreditation: what and how?
This publication provides a number of examples of accreditation mechanisms for EIA, and sets out a range of considerations that will aid a discussion on introducing or improving an accreditation system. Also, this document presents some guidance on the design and management of an accreditation system. It offers references to more detailed resources on this topic. This publication is part of the NCEA's building block series.
Article
The influence of actor capacities on EIA system performance in low and middle income countries
Cases from Georgia and Ghana
Kolhoff, Arend J.; Runhaar, Hens A C; Gugushvili, Tamar; Sonderegger, Gabi; Van der Leest, Bart; Driessen, Peter (2016) Environmental Impact Assessment Review, volume 57, pp. 167 - 177.
2014 and older
SEA effectiveness in China and the Netherlands
In the past three years there has been an ongoing exchange on SEA between China and the Netherlands. One of the products of this cooperation was presented in Beijing on the 4th of December 2014: a joint publication on SEA effectiveness in both countries. The book documents the Chinese experience with SEA for mega-region planning, and lessons learnt from 25 years of SEA research and practice in the Netherlands.
Les mécanismes de financement de l'action publique en matières d'études d'impact environnementale
Ce rapport présente les conclusions d’une étude de quatre mois, commencée mi-2012, qui avait pour but d’évaluer le financement domestique et international des tâches gouvernementales en matière d’étude d’impact sur l’environnement (EIE) en Afrique centrale. Cette étude a été menée dans cinq pays membres de la Communauté Economique des Etats de l’Afrique Centrale (CEEAC): la République du Burundi, la République du Cameroun, la République Centrafricaine, la République du Congo, ainsi que dans la République du Rwanda. La Commission Néerlandaise d’Evaluation Environnementale (CNEE) a commandé ces états des lieux nationaux pour la bonne information des parties prenantes et l’orientation de ses interventions dans le cadre du Programme d’Appui aux Associations Nationales pour l’Evaluation Environnementale en Afrique Centrale (PAANEEAC).
Financing EIA
The NCEA issued a publication titled ‘Financing EIA: Funding Governmental Tasks in Environmental and Social Impact Assessment and Environmental Approval’.
Attention for financial arrangements to fund governmental tasks in Environmental (and Social) Impact Assessment (EIA/ESIA) in developing countries is often limited. Yet such arrangements are essential for ensuring a viable and effective EIA system. The NCEA has therefore assembled ‘lessons learnt’ from its experiences around the world, which are combined in this publication. It contains numerous country cases to serve as inspiration to readers.
Public Participation in Environmental Impact Assessment. Why, who and how?
June 2013. The aim of this article (EIAR vol. 43) is to provide a comprehensive overview of the academic debate on public participation in EIA concerning its meaning, objectives and adequate level of inclusiveness. Even a cursory glance at the literature on environmental impact assessment (EIA) reveals that public participation is considered an integral part of the assessment procedure. Public participation in EIA is commonly deemed to foster democratic policy making and to render EIA more effectively. Yet, a closer look at the literature unveils that, beyond this general assertion, opinions of the precise meaning, objectives and adequate representation of public participation in EIA considerably diverge. Co-authors are Arend Kolfhoff, technical secretary and Anne Glucker, intern at the NCEA.
Strategic Environmental Assessment in Development Practice. A review of recent practice
Ms Bobbi Schijf en Ms Gwen van Boven have contributed to two cases (case studies) in Montenegro and Benin in a new OECD DAC SEA publication.
Many countries are already making good progress in applying SEA. This publication presents nine interesting case studies of SEA in progress, carried out by countries in cooperation with development organisations. The cases highlight that SEA can:
- safeguard environmental assets for sustainable poverty reduction and development;
- build public engagement in decision making;
- prevent costly mistakes by alerting decision makers to potentially unsustainable development options at an early stage in the decision-making process;
- speed up implementation of projects and programmes;
- facilitate cooperation around shared environmental resources and contribute to conflict prevention.
Manual on Landfill Site Assessment and Selection in Georgia
In Georgia, a number of existing landfills will, when assessed according to international standards, have to be closed in the coming years. Subsequently, new locations have to be selected. Other landfills could be optimised at their current location, by taking appropriate measures. This manual describes the steps to be taken in these processes.
From Public Debate to Public Dialogue: A Guideline on Public Consultation in SEA and EIA Procedures in Romania
This Guideline covers a great number of do’s and don'ts regarding public consultation in EIA and SEA procedures, both in theory and in practice. It is targeted at a wide audience of Romanian stakeholders, i.e. national, regional and local authorities and organisations concerned with effective consultation of the general public. Participation of the general public (for example by means of public debate), is a key element in EIA and SEA procedures. The information included in this publication offers plenty of tools for organising such public debates, in order to raise the chances of establishing a constructive dialogue between the government and the broader public.
Strategic Environmental Assessment in Policy and Sector Reform
This report presents the results, findings and recommendations of the evaluation of the World Bank's SEA Pilot Program that was undertaken between October 2008 and June 2010. The lessons drawn from the pilots suggest that SEA can, under conducive conditions, contribute to improved formulation and implementation of sector reform.
Climate Change in Water Management
This report summarises an inventory of methods and tools for assessing climate change impacts, vulnerability assessment and adaptation options focusing on the water sector. Strategic environmental assessment (SEA) is one of the tools addressed. The tool kit can also be used for SEA practitioners to integrate climate change in SEA for policies, plans and programmes in the water sector.
New article: Effectiveness EIA Systems in Developing Countries
The aim of this article by Arend Kolhoff (et al.) is to identify factors influencing EIA system performance in developing countries. To this end, a conceptual model was developed to provide insight into those factors, building on a review of the current approaches and insights.
This article can be obtained at IngentaConnect.
Biodiversity in Environmental Assessment: Enhancing Ecosystem Services for Human Well-Being
This book, with contributions from NCEA's Arend Kolhoff, Bobbi Schijf and Rob Verheem, integrates the objectives of the CBD convention into a comprehensive approach to biodiversity in EA. Powerful examples show that biodiversity must be considered to ensure that projects, programmes and policies are environmentally and socially acceptable. The publication can be purchased via the (online) bookshop. ISBN:978-0-521-71655-0.
Integrated Water Resources Management and SEA: joining forces for climate proofing
This paper served as an input for the thematic, regional and political processes of the 5th World Water Forum and focuses on the challenges related to water, climate change and food security. It highlights key drivers and presents possible responses, emphasising that the scope of policy response will need to be broad if water institutions are to be effective in coping with climate change. Author is Roel Slootweg and the publication was initiated by the Cooperative Programme on Water and Climate (CPWC) and the Netherlands Commission for Environmental Assessment (NCEA) Also available in French and Spanish. The publication can be downloaded as pdf.
Strategic Environmental Assessment and Biofuels: Establishing Linkages
This publication deals with the following issues:
• What are biofuels
• What are the costs and benefits of biofuels
• Biofuel sustainability criteria
• Why SEA for biofuel policies, plans or programmes (PPP)
• Principles of SEA applied to biofuel PPP
Views and Experiences from the NCEA 2009
This publication, no. 10 in the NCEA series, contains 9 articles with our experiences and views on environmental assessment in the Netherlands and in the context of internationalcooperation. To name a few: the modernisation of dutch EA law and its consequences, the effect of climate changes and its role within EA, strategic environmental assessment with regard to international trade negotiations.